When F1 individuals are crossed with one of the two parents from which they were derived, then such a cross is called back cross. In such back crosses, when F1 is back crossed to the parent with-dominant phenotype, no recessive individuals are obtained in the progeny.
But when F1 progeny is back crossed with its recessive parent, both phenotypes (i.e., dominant and recessive) appear in the progeny. While both of these crosses are back crosses, only the cross with the recessive parent is called test cross.
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